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% or ...

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% or whatever (possibly just delete it)
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\begin_body

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
This file is a solution template for:
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Talk at a conference/colloquium.
 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Talk length is about 20min.
 
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\begin_layout Itemize
Style is ornate.
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\end_inset


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\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Copyright 2004 by Till Tantau <tantau@users.sourceforge.net>.
 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
In principle, this file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
 of the GNU Public License, version 2.
 However, this file is supposed to be a template to be modified for your
 own needs.
 For this reason, if you use this file as a template and not specifically
 distribute it as part of a another package/program, the author grants the
 extra permission to freely copy and modify this file as you see fit and
 even to delete this copyright notice.
 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Title
Fourierova transformacija
\begin_inset Argument 1
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subtitle
Predavanje na naravoslovnem taboru
\end_layout

\begin_layout Author
Vasja Žorž
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

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\begin_inset Flex InstituteMark
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
1
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
and
\end_layout

\end_inset

 Anton Luka Šijanec
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Flex InstituteMark
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
2
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Itemize
Give the names in the same order as the appear in the paper.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Use the 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

Institute mark
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

 inset (
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
Custom Insets\SpecialChar menuseparator
InstituteMark
\family default
) only if the authors have different affiliations.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Argument 1
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Vasja Žorž
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
and
\end_layout

\end_inset

 Anton Luka Šijanec
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
- optional, use only with lots of authors
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
- if there are really lots of authors, use 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

Author et al.
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Institute
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

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\begin_inset Flex InstituteMark
status collapsed

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1
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\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Mentor: xxx 
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
and
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

 Gimnazija Bežigrad
\begin_inset Newline newline
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Medvedje Brdo
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Flex InstituteMark
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
2
\end_layout

\end_inset

Department of Theoretical Philosophy
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

University of Elsewhere
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Itemize
Use the 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

Institute mark
\begin_inset Quotes erd
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 inset (
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
Custom Insets\SpecialChar menuseparator
InstituteMark
\family default
) only if there are several affiliations.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Keep it simple, no one is interested in your street address.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Argument 1
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Gimnazija Bežigrad
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
optional, but mostly needed
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Date
V sredo, 28.
 junija 2023
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Itemize
Either use conference name or its abbreviation.
 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Not really informative to the audience, more for people (including yourself)
 who are reading the slides online
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Argument 1
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
28.
 maja 2023
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
optional, should be abbreviation of conference name
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
If you have a file called "institution-logo-filename.xxx", where xxx is a
 graphic format that can be processed by latex or pdflatex, resp., then you
 can add a logo by uncommenting the following:
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\end_inset


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\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

%
\backslash
pgfdeclareimage[height=0.5cm]{institution-logo}{institution-logo-filename}
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\begin_layout Plain Layout

%
\backslash
logo{
\backslash
pgfuseimage{institution-logo}}
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\end_inset


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\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
The following causes the table of contents to be shown at the beginning
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 Delete this, if you do not want it.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status open

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%
\backslash
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%  
\backslash
frame<beamer>{ 
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%    
\backslash
frametitle{Pregled vsebine}   
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%
\backslash
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%  }
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\begin_layout Plain Layout

%}
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\end_inset


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\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
If you wish to uncover everything in a step-wise fashion, uncomment the
 following command:
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

%
\backslash
beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->}
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\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Pregled vsebine
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\begin_deeper
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\begin_inset ERT
status open

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\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
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\begin_inset CommandInset toc
LatexCommand tableofcontents

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\begin_inset ERT
status open

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\backslash
end{multicols}
\end_layout

\end_inset


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\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Structuring a talk is a difficult task and the following structure may not
 be suitable.
 Here are some rules that apply for this solution:
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Exactly two or three sections (other than the summary).
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
At *most* three subsections per section.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Talk about 30s to 2min per frame.
 So there should be between about 15 and 30 frames, all told.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
A conference audience is likely to know very little of what you are going
 to talk about.
 So *simplify*!
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
In a 20min talk, getting the main ideas across is hard enough.
 Leave out details, even if it means being less precise than you think necessary.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
If you omit details that are vital to the proof/implementation, just say
 so once.
 Everybody will be happy with that.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Uvod
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Motivacija
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename waveform.png
	width 100text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Zvočni signal posnetka glasbenega inštrumenta
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Uvod
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Motivacija
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename spekter.png
	width 100text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Frekvenčni spekter periodičnega signala
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Uvod
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Motivacija: Plimovanje
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename tideforces.jpg
	width 40text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Višina gladine morja kot posledica vplivov nebesnih teles
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Uvod
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Motivacija: Plimovanje
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename tidalsum.gif
	width 40text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Valovne komponente, ki se sestavijo v plimovanje
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Osnovni matematični pojmi
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Valovanje
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\lambda$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $t_{0},$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\nu$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $\omega$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $k$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $\phi$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $A$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $f(x)=A\cdot\cos(\omega t-kx+\phi)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\omega=2\pi\nu$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $\nu=1/t_{0}$
\end_inset

, 
\begin_inset Formula $k=2\pi/\lambda$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
primeri valovanja: zvok, svetloba, izmenični tok, potresni valovi, plimovanje
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Itemize
https://www.desmos.com/calculator/ptxc1dutf9
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
vprašanja: itd
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Osnovni matematični pojmi
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Množica 
\begin_inset Formula $\mathbb{C}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
imaginarna enota: 
\begin_inset Formula $i^{2}+1=0$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
imaginarna enota je definirano kot takšno število, ki reši to enačbo za
 i
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\mathbb{C}\coloneqq\{a+bi;\ a,b\in\mathbb{R}\}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
množico kompleksnih števil lahko ponazorimo s kompleksno ravnino
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
nariševa jo na tablo, poveva operacije v C
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Osnovni matematični pojmi
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Eulerjeva formula
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
polarni zapis kompleksnega števila: 
\begin_inset Formula $r\cdot e^{i\theta}=r(\cos\theta+i\sin\theta)$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
nariši
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova vrsta
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_wave?useskin=vector#/media/File:SquareWaveFou
rierArrows.gif
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $f(t)=A_{1}\cos(\omega_{1}t)+A_{2}\cos(\omega_{2}t)+...$
\end_inset

 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $S(x)=\frac{4}{\pi}(\sin\omega x+\frac{1}{3}\sin3\omega x+$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \frac{1}{5}\sin5\omega x+...)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
vfill
\backslash
null
\backslash
columnbreak
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename series.png
	width 30text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
end{multicols}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova vrsta
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename wolfram.png
	width 82text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Različna valovanja kot neskončna Fourierova vrsta
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename transformacija.png
	width 78text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova transformacija je matematični postopek, ki nam omogoča razcep
 signalov na sestavne frekvence.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Intuicija
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
https://prajwalsouza.github.io/Experiments/Fourier-Transform-Visualization.html
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
url{http://4a.si/fourier}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename trans.png
	width 78text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Intuitivno si lahko FT predstavljamo kot navijanje amplitud po enotski krožnici.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Matematična oblika
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Kako to navijanje predstavimo matematično
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\hat{f}(\nu)=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f(t)\cdot e^{-i2\pi\nu t}dt
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Diskretna funkcija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
funkcija 
\begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
\end_inset

 je zvezna, če
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\forall x_{0}\in D_{f}\text{, velja }\lim_{x\to x_{0}}f(x)=f(x_{0})\text{.}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
diskretna funkcija je funkcija, katere spremenljivka zavzema le nekatere
 realne vrednosti.
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Vzorčeni signali
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Za praktično obdelavo zvezne signale iz narave periodično vzorčimo
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Vzorčenje je shranjevanje amplitude signala na določen časovni interval
\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Dobimo časovno diskreten signal, ki ga predstavlja niz števil
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
x[n]\ \ \ n\in\mathbb{Z},\ x[n]\in I
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $n$
\end_inset

 označuje zaporedno številko vzorca
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
frekvenca vzorčenja 
\begin_inset Formula $\nu_{vz}$
\end_inset

, interval vzorčanja 
\begin_inset Formula $t_{vz}$
\end_inset

, kvantizacijski interval 
\begin_inset Formula $I$
\end_inset

 (določen s številom bitov za zapis številk: 
\begin_inset Formula $[0,2^{b}-1]$
\end_inset

)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Primer: mikrofon, EKG, merilnik temperature, merilnik tlaka, radijski sprejemnik
, ...
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Vzorčeni signali
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename sampling.png
	width 82text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Vzorčenje funkcije 
\begin_inset Formula $S(t)$
\end_inset

 v zaporedje 
\begin_inset Formula $S_{i}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Vzorčeni signali
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Teorija Nyquist-Shannon o vzorčenju
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Povezava med 
\begin_inset Formula $\nu_{max}$
\end_inset

 vzorčenega signala in 
\begin_inset Formula $\nu_{vz}$
\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Za reprezentacijo signala 
\begin_inset Formula $v_{max}$
\end_inset

 mora biti 
\begin_inset Formula $\nu_{vz}\geq2\nu_{max}$
\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename nyquistshannon.png
	width 80text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lambda/2<t_{vz}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Diskretna Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Ker ne gre za časovno zvezni signal, ne moremo uporabiti integracije, ampak
 vsoto preko vseh vzorcev.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Namesto oblike za časovno zvezni signal
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\hat{f}(\nu)=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f(t)\cdot e^{-i2\pi\nu t}\ dt
\]

\end_inset

za časovno diskretni signal z 
\begin_inset Formula $N$
\end_inset

 vzorci uporabimo
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\hat{f}[\nu]=\sum_{n=0}^{N}f[n]\cdot e^{-i2\pi\nu nt_{vz}}\text{.}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
DFT je frekvenčno diskretna, vrednosti amplitud izračunamo samo za diskretne
 frekvenčne komponente.
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Diskretna Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Značilnost
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Ločljivost med frekvenčnimi komponentami je pogojena z 
\begin_inset Formula $N$
\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout FragileFrame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Diskretna Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Naivni algoritem v psevdokodi
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=Python,basicstyle={\ttfamily},breaklines=true"
inline false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

število vzorci[] = {...}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

število frekvence[] = {1000, 2000, 3000, 4000}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

število težišča[frekvence_length]
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

for frekvenca in range(frekvence.length):
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    for vzorec in range(vzorci.length):
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

        težišča[frekvenca] += vzorci[vzorec] * pow(e, -i*2*pi*frekvence[frekvenc
a]*vzorec/vzorčna_frekvenca)
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout FragileFrame

\end_layout

\begin_layout FragileFrame

\end_layout

\begin_layout FragileFrame

\end_layout

\begin_layout FragileFrame

\end_layout

\begin_layout FragileFrame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Diskretna Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Časovna zahtevnost naivnega algoritma
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Ocena časovne zahtevnosti algoritma glede na vhodne podatke: 
\begin_inset Formula $O(...)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Naivni DFT algoritem: 
\begin_inset Formula $O(m\cdot n)$
\end_inset

 oziroma 
\begin_inset Formula $O(n^{2})$
\end_inset

 — polinomski čas
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Hitra diskretna Fourierova transformacija (FFT) pa postopek optimizira na
 
\begin_inset Formula $O(n\log n)$
\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Obstaja več algoritmov hitre transformacije
\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Gauss je 1805 že optimiziral algoritem za izračun orbit asteroidov
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Cooley and Tukey sta 1965 predstavila moderni DIT FFT
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\end_deeper
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Diskretna Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Primerjava časa izvajanja
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Float table
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">
<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
vzorcev
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10000$
\end_inset

; 
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{1}{\second}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10\cdot10^{4}$
\end_inset

; 
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{10}{\second}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
naiven
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{8}$
\end_inset

 (1 sekunda)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{10}$
\end_inset

(1,6 minute)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
FFT
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{4}\cdot4$
\end_inset

 (0,0004 sekunde)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{5}\cdot5$
\end_inset

 (0,0005 sekund)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">
<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
vzorcev
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $100\cdot10^{4}$
\end_inset

; 
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{100}{\second}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $1000\cdot10^{4}$
\end_inset

; 
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{180}{\second}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
naiven
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{12}$
\end_inset

 (2,7 ure)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{14}$
\end_inset

 (11 dni)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
FFT
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{6}\cdot6$
\end_inset

 (0,06 sekunde)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $10^{7}\cdot7$
\end_inset

 (0,7 sekunde)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Primerjava časa izjavanja DFT in FDFT.
 
\begin_inset Formula $\nu_{vz}=\SI{10000}{\per\second}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout FragileFrame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Hitra Fourierova transformacija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Praktična uporaba v Pythonu
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Knjižnica numpy ima vgrajen algoritem za FFT, uporaba:
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "language=Python,numbers=left,breaklines=true"
inline false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

from numpy.fft import fft
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

import numpy as np
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

frekvencni_spekter = fft(amplituda_v_odvisnosti_od_casa)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

print(
\begin_inset Quotes gld
\end_inset

dominantna frekvenca: 
\begin_inset Quotes grd
\end_inset

, np.max(frekvencni_spekter))
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

realne_vrednosti = abs(frekvencni_spekter)
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Praktična uporaba DFT/FFT
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Obdelava zvoka — izenačevalnik/equaliser
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Kompresija slik JPEG z izgubami z dvodimenzionalnim DFT
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Radijska komunikacija — digitalni prenos informacij preko radijskih valov
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
DTMF
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Krovni pojem: digitalna obdelava signalov
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
DTMF — Dual tone multi frequency
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Izbiranje telefonske številke na telefonski liniji poteka preko zvoka
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Pritiski na gumbe telefonske številčnice izdelujejo piske
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Telefonska centrala na drugi strani s Fourierovo transformacijo piskov določi
 pritisnjeno tipko
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename dtmf.png
	width 72text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Pripadajoče frekvence na telefonski DTMF številčnici
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
DTMF — Dual tone multi frequency
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename dtmffreq.png
	width 80text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Frekvenčni spekter piska, ki ga proizvaja številčnica
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Splošno načelo nedoločenosti
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Signal, zelo koncentriran v času, mora imeti široko Fourierovo transformacijo.
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Splošno načelo nedoločenosti
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Dopplerjev radar
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Dolg signal korelira z natančno hitrostjo in široko pozicijo
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename doppler.png
	width 80text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Dopplerjev radar
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Heisenbergovo načelo nedoločenosti
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Valovna funkcija
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
V kvantni mehaniki lahko delec opišemo s kompleksno valovno funkcijo, ki
 je funkcija prostora in časa
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename wavelet.png
	width 62text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Valovna funkcija
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Heisenbergovo načelo nedoločenosti
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout FrameSubtitle
Gibalna količina prostega delca
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $p=\hbar k$
\end_inset

 (
\begin_inset Formula $k$
\end_inset

 je prostorska frekvenca), 
\begin_inset Formula $k=2\pi/\lambda$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Če izvedemo Fourierovo transformacijo na valovni funkciji po prostoru, dobimo
 razporeditev amplitud po 
\begin_inset Formula $k$
\end_inset

-ju.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Zaradi tega sta si nesigurnost v prostorski frekvenci in nesigurnost v poziciji
 obratno sorazmerni
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\Delta x\cdot\Delta p=\text{konst.}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Float figure
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename uncertainty.png
	width 80text%

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Nedoločenost pozicije in gibalne količine delca
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Konec predstavitve
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Hvala za pozornost!
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Section*
\start_of_appendix
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
All of the following is optional and typically not needed.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Section*
\start_of_appendix
Priloge
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection*
Zahvala
\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Zahvala
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
idk ...
 šoli ig
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection*
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Subsection*
Literatura in dodatno branje
\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 3
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
allowframebreaks
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Literatura in dodatno branje
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ne navajaj vseh virov, samo najzanimivejše
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
beamertemplatebookbibitems
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Start with overview books.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Author1990"
literal "true"

\end_inset

A.
 Author.
 
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
newblock
\end_layout

\end_inset


\emph on
Handbook of Everything
\emph default
.
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
newblock
\end_layout

\end_inset

 Some Press, 1990.
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
beamertemplatearticlebibitems
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Followed by interesting articles.
 Keep the list short.
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Someone2002"
literal "true"

\end_inset

S.
 Someone.
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
newblock
\end_layout

\end_inset

 On this and that
\emph on
.

\emph default
 
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
newblock
\end_layout

\end_inset


\emph on
Journal on This and That
\emph default
.
 2(1):50–100, 2000.
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Subsection*
\begin_inset Separator plain
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame
\begin_inset Argument 4
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Viri slik in dovoljenje za uporabo
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Frame

\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
Uporaba generiranega dokumenta je dovoljena v skladu s CC BY-SA (
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
target "http://4a.si./bysa"
literal "true"

\end_inset

) 
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Dovoljenja za uporabo LyX kode pa nisem podal!
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
doclicenseImage[imagewidth=2cm]
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Slika 
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "fig:Shematski-prikaz-povezav"
plural "false"
caps "false"
noprefix "false"

\end_inset

: Scott Martin: spremenjena, izvorna pod CC BY-SA
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
Slika 
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "fig:Drevesno-iskanje-soležnikov"
plural "false"
caps "false"
noprefix "false"

\end_inset

: Limaner: izvorna pod CC BY-SA
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_body
\end_document